Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and risk factors-with reference to gender, socioeconomic status and educational levels: A hospital based study Waseem Shah Mohammad Abbas1,*, Srivastava VK2, Bano Rubeena3 1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Physiology, IIMS & R, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 2Associate Professor, Dept. of Physiology, IIMS & R, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 3Professor, Dept. of Physiology, IIMS & R, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh *Corresponding Author: Email: abbas14waseem5@gmail.com
Online published on 23 February, 2018. Abstract Introduction COPD is projected to rank the third leading cause of deaths globally by 2030. Backwardness and poor socioeconomic status as well as educational status play a role in pathophysiology of COPD. Gender based differences occur due to interaction of sex-dependant genetic factors and also due to socio-cultural differences. Thus, present study was undertaken to study the role of socioeconomic status, gender and educational level in the subjects with COPD. Materials and Method The present study was cross sectional study. It included 150 COPD cases and 80 healthy non-smoker controls. Age, gender, education and socioeconomic status of subjects was enquired. Subjects were divided in various education and socioeconomic classes using modified Kuppuswamy scale. Data was analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Result The mean age of the subjects in control group (n=80) was 38.36±13.24 years. Mean age of male COPD patients was 45.28±14.05 and that of female COPD patients was 41.12± 6.78 years. In controls, fifty six (70%) were males and twenty four (30%) were females. In COPD group (n=150), ninety eight were males (65.34%) and fifty two were females (34.66%). Overall, higher percentage (73.34%) of COPD cases belonged to middle, lower middle and lower class. Out of 150 COPD cases, 20(13.34%) and 19(12.66%) belonged to professional and graduate educational level. Thus, more number of COPD cases belonged to lower educational status. Amongst COPD cases the percentage of people residing in urban areas was found to be more i.e. 96(64%). Conclusion The present study identifies male gender, urban residence, low education and low socioeconomic status as risk factors in COPD. Top Keywords Demographic profile, Chronic Airway Disease, Social Class, Education, Residential Locality, Risk Factors in COPD. Top |