Comprehensive Review on Autosomal Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) Loci and Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Usman Affan1,*, Gupta Anjali1, Ghosal Anujit2 1Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 203201 (UP), India 2Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, the University of Manitoba, Canada *Corresponding Author, Dr. Affan Usman, Research Scholar, Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 203201 (UP), India, Tel: +91 870 0456401, E-mail: uaffan33@gmail.com
Online Published on 12 January, 2024. Abstract Short tandem repeats (STRs) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) typing techniques is the most applicable method employed in modern-day forensic DNA profiling. As such STR and mtDNA markers that play a crucial part in forensic legal and criminal prosecution are elaborated on in the present review work. A thorough electronic literature search was conducted for this review utilising PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The terms mitochondrial DNA and biology, STR typing, mtDNA and identification, DNA database, mitochondrial DNA and recommendations, molecular technologies in forensic DNA profiling, and forensic science were utilised. Criminals are being convicted with the profile result of their deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) evidence, which serves as incontrovertible proof of an unlawful conviction. It is also an incalculable link to the actual perpetrator of a crime and at the same time to prevent other people all over the world from committing more serious offenses for peaceful coexistence among people. Understandably, DNA identification instruments have also helped forensic geneticists to re-assess long-forgotten criminal cases regarded as being ended due to lack of evidence. A heedful thoughtfulness of molecular genetics matters along with other factors such as a genuine population database reference and CODIS database while evaluating and reporting the result. The present review article focuses on the methods utilized in profiling autosomal STRs and mitochondrial DNA for human identification and also showcases their use in the main cases of human identification by focusing on the most relevant issues for forensics. Top Keywords DNA database, DNA profile, DNA typing, Mitochondrial, Short tandem repeat. Top |